Early Warning and Precise Localization of Photovoltaic Module Hot Spots: Construction of a Distributed High-Precision Temperature Sensing Network and Intelligent Diagnosis Strategy

The hot spot effect of photovoltaic (PV) modules is a critical factor leading to power degradation, accelerated aging, and even fires. Traditional operation and maintenance rely on periodic infrared inspections or simplified module-level temperature measurement, which suffer from fundamental flaws such as delayed response, ambiguous positioning, and inability to distinguish the causes of hot spots. […]